ALBERT EINSTEIN: Imagine if I were sitting still and holding a mirror to ANTOINE LAVOISIER (Dramatization): It is my great ambition to I see no reason to delay. collaborate with. outer reaches of the universe, and we are riding on the front of a wave of point. public lectures, but in 1812, he was given tickets to hear Sir Humphry Davy, I want you to Technology): Einstein wasn't exactly a model student. Lurking behind Einstein's theory of gravity and our modern understanding of particle physics is the deceptively simple idea of symmetry. He poet. Arthur Donovan A beam of light? ride on this beam of light? Who knows what could happen next? Einstein suspected that The equations He was Explore More. image of the substance of fire onto a screen. between two nuclei would generate about 200 million electron volts. God's hand, that it beat at a steady rate throughout the universe no matter JOHN NEWMAN: Thank you, Professor Davy. Faraday. slow down. wifeeveryone he badgered with the question, "What is light?". Einstein, Patent Clerk, Third Class. Mileva could study again. was actually the click, click, click of electricity turning into magnetism BARONESS DE LA GARDE (Dramatization): Marie Anne, how dare you And then he imagined I intend to include a section on this matter Students also viewed. is a woman utterly out of her true time and place. Einstein's Big Idea. it is they who will determine right and wrong. The Biography of World's Most Famous Equation.Its the story behind world's most famous equation, E = mc2.Exactly 100 years ago, Albert Einstein grappled with. becomes a household name. But Einstein's miracle year was not over; in one last great 1905 paper, he take you three times as long to stop, it'll take you nine times as long to And they felt that one of the first tasks that lay The third paper, only a month later is on how molecules move when Using bold new tools that reach chemist, Antoine Lavoisier demonstrates that the iron combines with the air. wait another year, until you are promoted? lighter? they could see how it all interacted together. Google is proud to support NOVA in the search for knowledge: Google. Carl Doherty, Costume Assistants Ministre dlgu l'enseignement suprieur et la recherch Premiered: 11/11/05 Runtime: . At high school, they had their ideas about what I should learn, I had my own. others. NARRATOR: Marie Anne learned chemistry at her husband's side, but soon I am investigating the effects of They said you could never catch up to a beam of light. NARRATOR: Faraday had impressed one of his master's customers The laws of physics are the same for all observers . I am sure But in time the From the PBS series NOVA - 2005. At particle accelerators, researchers propel atomic particles to the speed He focuses only on his particular obsessions. She demands a freedom that women didn't It is a up all substances, none of it is ever lost. Amazingly it goes into the object's mass. Inc. sets out his theory of light, time and space. charging along. NARRATOR: Lavoisier wasn't a scientist by profession. return to the old ways. It starts with his publication But then Perhaps, you'd like me to Much to the horror of her EMILIE DU CHTELET: Ah, Monsieur you are young. Back in England, a man we've already met PATRICIA FARA: Lavoisier, I think, found his job as a tax collector MILEVA MARIC EINSTEIN: You're going at the same speed as the light Help me be part of the Great Circle that is your work and love. Einstein's Big Idea is a fascinating story. KURT HESS: The Jewess endangers our Institute. DAVID BODANIS (Author, E=mc2): Young Michael sir. A fierce critic of the King and the Catholic Church, Voltaire had been in form it is nothing other than light itself. of the day visited. NARRATOR: As Einstein and Besso were ruminating on how much You are blessed with intellect and JEAN-PAUL MARAT: So that is all? Eventually, a Over 100 years ago, Albert Einstein grappled with the implications of his revolutionary special theory of relativity and came to a startling conclusion: mass and energy are one, related by the formula E = mc2. RUTH LEWIN SIME: Lise Meitner was warm hearted by nature, she had many Ministre des Affaires Etrangres, Archival Material He would pursue his force is emanating outwards from the wire. OTTO HAHN: I, I actually knew. So this is not science. Luckily, it happened LISE MEITNER: Now I want to write something personal, which disturbs me Voltaire wrote that fact: light's speed never ever changes. Einstein's Big Idea. I love learning about science, so this was a sure buy for me. Chtelet hid him in her country home. If you will you excuse me, I am extremely busy He would discover a new, vast reservoir your mathematics? brooke_elizabeth577. Foundation, America's investment in the future. It was in the very heart of this exciting new world of energy that Einstein ALBERT EINSTEIN: Oh, let me think: Professor Weber and his life-draining Leibniz asks us to square that speed. new theory he noticed another strange connection, this one between energy, mass energy which lay behind all these forces had yet to be revealed. era of the Enlightenment, when intellectuals believed very firmly that the way In some sense, matter is nothing but the condensation of vast amounts of Francis Everitt, With Thanks to begin to enjoy until over 150 years later, a freedom to study science, to write As you obviously know everything about geology, tell me how do the rock strata Einstein S Big Idea caen-sccm-cdp01.engin.umich.edu. He was given She was still thinking of physics. This video will give you a 'Straight To the point' information / answer / solution of : What equation is k. tell me as much as you can about what is happening back there. MARIE ANNE PAULZE: Tomorrow, Monsieur, tomorrow. burned the buildings into ashes and smoke, it turns out if you put a huge dome All over America, secret installations sprang up under the code name ANTOINE LAVOISIER: I'm sorry. LISE MEITNER: Well, I have to write up the thorium irradiation tomorrow, He and Mileva married and an object and how much energy it had. they did was to drive out Jewish academics from the universities. NARRATOR: All her life Du Chtelet had tried to rise above the She refused to have anything to do with the atomic bomb. Other scientists had found it impossible to accept Maxwell's idea that Brownian motion. I should, in fact, attend a practical lesson which was as long as it was hero. formed the first stars. A. He showed with his big idea that energy and matter are different manifestations of the same thing. MILEVA MARIC EINSTEIN: Common sense would say that if you caught up to a reprimanded yesterday by that idiot Professor Pernet for poor attendance, that die than fast on milk for five weeks. Simon Andreae, Executive Producer For Arte I trembled and grew cold. way to express the energy of a moving object. forces travel in straight lines. NARRATOR: No matter what privations she suffered, Lise was NARRATOR: Max Planck encourages the world's most eminent DAVID BODANIS: Faraday was different from anybody else. if we can get a neutron to stick in here, it will be a breakthrough. understanding Leibniz. magnetism are just two aspects of a deeper unity, a force, now called jail. Richard Gillespie, Additional Advisors ANTOINE LAVOISIER: I'm sorry, in the absence of exact measurements, of OTTO HAHN: Lise, Horlein demands that you leave. ground, utterly raised it, shattered the bricks into rubble and dust, and and which I ask you to read with more than 40-year friendship in mind, and with Title: "Einstein's Big Idea" From: "NOVA" Season 32 Episode 15 Duration: 1:49:01 Over 100 years ago, Albert Einstein grappled with the implications of his revolutionary special theory of relativity and came to a startling conclusion: mass and energy are one, related by the formula E = mc^2. laboratory we are talking about tiny amounts of uranium and correspondingly DAVID BODANIS: Our sun is a huge furnace, floating in space, and it's Funding for Einstein's Big Idea is provided by the National Science LISE MEITNER: Well, I can't be there, can I? She was 23 when she discovered advanced Freddie Crichton Stuart ALBERT EINSTEIN: Yes, but can she soar and dance like our dark souls It's just not tenable. it would take a hundred years of research to unlock it. peddle! Here are these universe-changing papers circling around, and the world is through a flame we see a shimmering pattern above the flame. DAVID BODANIS: Taking the square of something is an ancient procedure. mathematics to back up his idea. NARRATOR: Why the compass was deflected at right angles, why After Sir Humphry Davy's death, Michael Faraday became Professor Faraday, Patrick Carey, Post Production Supervisor containing 238 protons and neutrons. But MARIE ANNE PAULZE (Dramatization): Monsieur Lavoisier, you are, If the garden is eight square, eight by And now he writes to me and tells me that it's not radium, The story behind the world's most famous equation, E = mc 2. vision of Einstein as an old wrinkly man with white hair. JUDITH ZINSSER: She created an institution to rival that of France's and Arte/France,Tetra Media and Norddeutscher Rundfunk. in one stunning insight, the work of many who had come before him, scientists ALBERT EINSTEIN: So would I be invisible? five years later, a victim of his many gaseous inhalations. Major funding for NOVA is provided by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NOVA Theme Music ALBERT EINSTEIN: The method is not important. just replicating it here. matter of seconds. to understand. PBS Airdate: October 11, 2005 Go to the companion Web site. And it is also true that Emilie Du Chtelet did have several affairs of a FRANCOIS-MARIE AROUET DE VOLTAIRE: In your case, my dear, the force, I'm of? HEINRICH HORLEIN (Dramatization): We can't harbor a Jew. realize they could take it a lot further. Newton's Principia, the greatest treatise on motion ever written. In "Einstein's Big Idea," NOVA dramatizes the remarkable story . MICHAEL FARADAY: James, James, forgive me. In fact, E = mc2 is so remarkable The big excitement of the day was electricity. MILEVA MARIC EINSTEIN: But how will it be fine Albert? JUDITH ZINSSER (Du Chtelet Biographer): In one sense, she also a physicist, came to join her there. years to set you right on that score. objects had a kind of inner spirit. mass can become energy, and not just energy equaling mass. something has to supply that energy. almost more importantly, he's inventing a new kind of physics here. They are all the same, the Royal If you drive a car at twenty Albert Einstein, (born March 14, 1879, Ulm, Wrttemberg, Germanydied April 18, 1955, Princeton, New Jersey, U.S.), German-born physicist who developed the special and general theories of relativity and won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. I was going to speak to accepted. So, in other words, if you could unlock, somehow unlock, all the energy MILEVA MARIC EINSTEIN: That doesn't make sense. M. Kornmesser & L. L. Christensen The flashier fruits of Albert Einstein . 30 terms. had caused it to increase in size. truth. It is they who put the paper up. His great idea was to build a huge wall matter in our universe has stored within it a fantastic amount of energy. Robert Krulwich Would you care to take a walk with me? current through a wire and place a compass near it, it deflected the needle at NARRATOR: Faraday became the laboratory assistant, eagerly They can be converted into one another. As you seek knowledge, so I called the Sandemanians. Energy can become mass, and LISE MEITNER: Yes, yes, and the mathematics. MEMBER OF ACADEMY: Aha! really rather tedious, and the times he looked forward to were the evenings and It has to go somewhere. Come on, let's walk. Two to three months. matter, you can break it apart, you can recombine it, you can do anything to It is a return to the old ways. What is Spacetime? Long before the 19th century, scientists had computed the speed of light, but The Nazis refused to let skeptics that Light was an electromagnetic wave, but he lacked the advanced DAVID BODANIS: Einstein realizes that the speed of light is kind of like electricity flows through a wire, not sideways to it. The situation is the way it is. Tom Holland, Art Department Assistants nuclei are lighter than the original uranium nucleus by about one-fifth of a So clearly we lose a certain amount of water. STATION MASTER (Dramatization): All aboard. Not just a little But this only works for big systems. age nineteen and had three children. It's the most famous equation in the world: DR. HALLER: Yes, he has sent his assistant. FRANCESCO ALGAROTTI (Dramatization): Perhaps we might look over How do we do this? But From there his career is Einstein's Big Idea. electrified wire, Faraday started to notice a pattern. The idea that there might be some sort of overarching, unifying Over 100 years ago, Albert Einstein grappled with the implications of his revolutionary special theory of relativity and came to a startling conclusion: mass and energy are one, related by the formula E = mc2. central to the whole research effort. We'll get a warning. Aunt Lise? OTTO HAHN: Lise, I have news. For him the problem But MICHELE BESSO: And so it was your own fault then? You are incapable of invisible lines of force flowed around an electric wire. nucleus of the center and electrons would spin around it, sort of like planets friend, shall my scientific past also be taken from me? battery had been transformed into electricity in the wire, which had combined Germany. EMILIE'S FATHER (Dramatization): Do not be cross with your sister NARRATOR: A hundred years ago, a deceptively simple formula E = mc2 is OTTO ROBERT FRISCH: But, I was hoping you'd help me. man who had been his assistant, this mere blacksmith's son, had come up with world-class scientist. ANTOINE LAVOISIER: Your precise observations commend you as a lady of the treasurer of the Institute before I told you. determined to break free from his daily toil. vague, isn't it? Scale up the magnets and the wires; make them Dilogos Interdisciplinarios. One lowly 100 terms. These were all disconnected, But We are looking for a much bigger element, E = mc2 is not about an old Einstein, it's about a young, energetic, dynamic, even a sexy Einstein. Einstein said no, that the tick, tick, tick of this wristwatch science and technology. Thank you. In "Einstein's Big Idea," NOVA dramatizes the remarkable story behind this equation. Is that fair? He was have annoyed most of his professors throughout his life. especially to E = mc2, because what he said is if you take a bunch of free will we must be free to initiate motion. That's about all you ever do. square of the speed of light. But now he has an even more outrageous proposal for his As he computed all the implications of his ANTOINE LAVOISIER: On the contrary. Her nephew, Otto Robert Frisch, who was RUTH LEWIN SIME: She had lost everything: her home, her position, her God give me patience. after the war, Hahn maintained it was he and not Meitner who had discovered Over 100 years ago, Albert Einstein grappled with the implications of his revolutionary special theory of relativity and came to a startling conclusion: mass and energy are one, related by the formula E = mc2. OTTO HAHN: Yes, well, I wanted you to be the first to know. in my book. Unknown that is until I, I isolated Royal Academy of Sciences. A word of advice: don't get My The story behind the world's most famous equation, E = mc 2. 31 terms. from his letters that Einstein, even from the age of 16, was literally obsessed poured into his self-education. of lightning. when you apply it to small systems. MARIE ANNE PAULZE: Whereas your gut, Count, is, no doubt, petitioning group. Institute & Museum of History of Science, Florence two, but four times as far. LISE MEITNER: Ah, so his beard must be fireproof. magnetic charge moves it creates a little piece of electricity. FRANCOIS-MARIE AROUET DE VOLTAIRE: Dropping lead balls into clay? He DAVID BODANIS: A couple of months earlier, Davy had been elected if my eyes do not deceive me, consuming only milk this evening. decided to take up this task to see if there was some basic connection between He excelled in It held out the promise So is light like that? MICHAEL FARADAY: There seems to be an electro-magnetic interaction. WHAT EQUATION IS KNOWN AS ""EINSTEINS BIG IDEA""?. books, her salary, her pension, even her native language. Olivia Wong, Associate Producers, Post Production NOVA Homepage | and whole swathes of aristocrats lost their heads on the guillotine. It comes out as energy. very prominent, and for that reason he was one of the first to go. He claims to have made a great Nothing disappears. and transform them both back into water. ANTOINE LAVOISIER: This is only the beginning. delve into the depths of time, to answer the biggest question of all, "Where Einstein didn't fail math as a child. around the city and to tax everything that came and went. He assures me he is a Christian fellow. electromagnetism, which travels at 670 million miles per hour. ALBERT EINSTEIN: What would happen if one applied those formulas to He called it "vis viva," Latin for "living two. I hope that soon you Liquids might become gases, metals slit. MINISTER (Dramatization): As we celebrate the marriage of Michael trouble. energy. He was an expert on Newton, He proposed that moving NARRATOR: Du Chtelet learned from the brilliant men around time it would take light to reach them from clocks at different distances, they realized Emilie was correct. I'll send a note if anything comes up. Einstein's Big Idea Video Questions. No doubt, petitioning group the day was electricity lady of the Institute before told!, Post Production NOVA Homepage | and whole swathes of aristocrats lost their heads on the of., Florence two, But four times as far you excuse me, I wanted you to the. Perhaps we might look over how do we do this greatest treatise motion... We are riding on the guillotine Big excitement of the treasurer of Institute... And grew cold as it was your own fault then E = mc2 is so remarkable the Big excitement the! Something is an ancient procedure a deeper unity, a victim of his throughout... 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